BQ25619 I2C-Controlled 1.5 A Single-Cell Buck Battery Charger

27 September, 2019

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Texas Instruments’ power-path management solution features 20 mA termination and 1 A boost operation

Texas Instruments’ BQ25619 integrates charge, a boost converter, and voltage protection in a single device. It offers ultra-low termination current for switching chargers to charge wearable devices by full-battery capacity. The BQ25619 low quiescent current reduces battery leakage to 6 µA in ship-mode, which conserves battery energy to double the device’s shelf life. The device is a highly integrated 1.5 A switch-mode battery charge management and system power-path management device for Li-Ion and Li-polymer batteries. It features fast charging with high input voltage support for a wide range of applications including wearables and earphone charging cases. The low impedance power-path optimizes switch-mode operation efficiency, reduces battery charging time, and extends battery run-time during the discharging phase. The input voltage and current regulation, low termination current, and battery remote sensing deliver maximum charging power to the battery. The solution is highly integrated with input reverse-blocking FET (RBFET, Q1), high-side switching FET (HSFET, Q2), low-side switching FET (LSFET, Q3), and battery FET (BATFET, Q4) between the system and battery. A bootstrap diode is integrated for the high-side gate drive to simplify the system design. The I2C serial interface with charging and system settings makes the device a truly flexible solution.

The BQ25619 supports a wide range of input sources, including a standard USB host port, USB charging port, USB-compliant high voltage adapter, and wireless power. The charger is compliant with USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 power specs with input current and voltage regulation. The device takes the result from a detection circuit in the system, such as a USB PHY device. The BQ25619 integrates a buck charger and boost regulator into one solution with a single inductor. The boost-mode supplies 5 V (adjustable 4.6 V / 4.75 V / 5 V / 5.15 V) on the PMID-pin and is used to save BOM and charge another battery by the control of PMID_GOOD. The PMID_GOOD pin is used to drive the external PMOS FET to disconnect boost output PMID from the attached accessories. The power-path management regulates the system slightly above battery voltage but does not drop below the 3.5 V minimum system voltage (programmable) with the adapter applied. With this feature, the system maintains operation when the battery is completely depleted or removed. When the input current limit or voltage limit is reached, the power path management automatically reduces the charge current. As the system load continues to increase, the battery starts to discharge the battery until the system power requirement is met. This supplement-mode prevents overloading the input source.

Features

Single-chip solution to charge wearable accessories from an adapter or battery
High-efficiency, 1.5 MHz, synchronous switch-mode buck charger
Boost-mode with output of 4.6 V to 5.15 V
Single input supports USB, high-voltage adapter, or wireless power
Narrow V_DC (NV_DC) power-path management
Flexible I²C configuration and autonomous charging for optimal system performance
High integration includes MOSFETs, current-sensing, and loop compensation
Low R_DS(ON) 19.5 mΩ BATFET minimizes charging loss and extends battery run-time
Low battery leakage current in ship-mode (7 µA), system standby (9.5 µA)
High accuracy battery charging profile

Applications

Consumer wearables, smartwatches
Personal care and fitness
Headsets/headphones
Earbuds (true wireless or TWS) charging cases
Hearing aids charging cases

The BQ25619 initiates and completes a charging cycle without software control. It senses the battery voltage and charges the battery in three phases, including pre-conditioning, constant current, and constant voltage. At the end of the charging cycle, the charger automatically terminates when the charge current is below a preset limit, and the battery voltage is higher than the recharge threshold. If the fully charged battery falls below the recharge threshold, the charger automatically starts another charging cycle. The charger provides various safety features for battery charging and system operations including battery negative temperature coefficient thermistor monitoring, charging safety timer, and overvoltage and overcurrent protections. Thermal regulation reduces charge current when the junction temperature exceeds +110°C. The status register reports the charging status and fault conditions. With I2C, the VBUS_GD bit indicates if a good power source is present, and the INT output immediately notifies the host when a fault occurs. The device provides the QON pin for BATFET enable and reset control to exit low power ship-mode or full system reset function. The BQ2619 device is available in a 24-pin, 4 mm × 4 mm x 0.75 mm thin WQFN package for easy layout.

more information: http://www.ti.com/product/BQ25619

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