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Bidirectional Speed Control for DC Motors

This is a very simple bidirectional speed control of a small DC brushed motor. The project is built using power OPAMP TCA0372 which can drive a load up to 1A. Connecting a small DC motor and trimmer pot will control the motor forward/reverse operation along with speed control. A Trimmer potentiometer is provided to set the speed and direction of the motor. The motor is stopped when the potentiometer is in the center, turn the pot clockwise to run the motor in the forwarding direction, turning the pot counterclockwise will run the motor in the reverse direction. Operating power supply 12V DC.

Note: Motor control is also possible using a joystick. Trimmer pot can be replaced with Joystick using optional connector CN2.

Features

  • DC Motor 6-12V DC
  • Maximum Motor current up to 1A
  • Operating Power Supply 12V DC
  • Single Trimmer Pot Controls CCW/CW and Speed Control
  • Potentiometer Can be Replaced with Joystick
  • PCB dimensions: 27.62 x 24.92 mm

Schematic

Parts List

NO.QNTY.REF.DESC.MANUFACTURERSUPPLIERPART NO
11CN12 PIN MALE HEADER PITCH 2.54MMWURTHDIGIKEY732-5315-ND
21CN23 PIN MALE HEADER PITCH 2.54MM WURTHDIGIKEYDNP
31C1100uF/16V SMD TANTLUMKEMETDIGIKEY399-18082-1-ND
41C20.1uF/50V SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
51D1LED RED SMD SIZE 0805LITE ON INCDIGIKEY160-1427-1-ND
61MG12 PIN MALE HEADER PITCH 2.54MMWURTHDIGIKEY732-5315-ND
76R4,R5,R6,R7,R9,R1010K 5% SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
81R11K 5% SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
92R2,R80E SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
101R35.1E/5E 1W SMD SIZE 2512MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
111U1TCA0372ONSEMIDIGIKEYTCA0372DWR2GOSCT-ND
121PR110K TRIMMER POTKYOCERADIGIKEY478-601030-ND

Connections

Gerber View

Photos

 

Video

TCA0372 Datasheet

3 Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with I2C

Posted on by mixos

The project described here is a 3 channel capacitive touch sensor based on CAP1203 chip from Microchip which is a multiple-channel capacitive touch sensor controller. It has 3 x individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. 3 x touchpads are provided on PCB to detect the touch. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. The CAP1203 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1203 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. Power consumption in the Standby state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device.

3 Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with I2C – [Link]

Meet Khadas Vim4 – An 8GB RAM,  Octa-Core Amlogic A311D2 SBC

Posted on by Emmanuel Odunlade

Recent times have shown a variety of Linux-compatible SBCs. One of the most recent is the Khadas Vim4 launched as an enhanced version of its open-spec Khadas Vim3 to give developers enhanced development and deployment experience.

The Khadas Vim4 is designed on an octa-core – A73 and octa-core – A53 Amlogic A311D2 SoC with an 8GB LPDDR4 RAM for faster systems operation. The Amlogic A311D2 SoC has four Arm Cortex-A73 cores that run at 2.2GHz and four Cortex-A53 cores with a 2.0GHz clock rate.

The A311D2 has an upgraded GPU, an ARM Mali-G5 MP8(8EE) GPU compared to the Arm Mali-G5 MP4 GPU of hexa-core A311D. It supports 8Kp24AV1 video decoding with support for multi-video decoding and 4Kp50 video encoding. The SoC also supports LVDS, eDP, three HDMI 2.1 inputs at 4Kp60 already mentioned and V-by-One interface for fast data throughout over copper twisted-pair communication channels. The on-chip system is also compatible with 16MP ISP at 4Kp50 which allows an extra 4-lane MIPI CSI interface when compared to its junior.

The board is further equipped with WiFi 6, 32GB eMMC flash, microSD card slot, 4Kp60 HDMI input/output; Gigabit Ethernet ports; 40-pins header, USB-3.0, 2.0, 2.0 OTG, 16MP ISP camera support and runs at 2112MHz. The Vim4 also features an STMicro STM32G031 Cortex-M0+ microcontroller that runs at 64MHz to ensure power management and boot media applications. The Khadas’ board takes in an operating voltage of 5V – 20V range via its USB-C port or pogo pads to ensure a wide range of application conditions.

Apart from other advanced features, the Vim4 when compared to the Vim3, can be considered as a true upgrade. The Vim4 supports the use of M.2 PCIe and USB 3.0 at the same time, while the Vim3, allows either the use of a USB 3.0 (without PCIe) or USB 2.0 with PCIe at a time.

Key Features And Specifications of Vim4 Include:

  • SoC: Amlogic A311D2 octa-core processor with 4x Arm Cortex-A73 cores @ up to 2.2 GHz and 4x Cortex A53 cores @ up to 2.0 GHz, Arm Mali-G52 MP(8EE) GPU, NPU shown as TBD
  • MCU: STMicro STM32G031 Cortex-M0+ microcontroller @ 64 MHz for power management, customizations, and boot media configuration
  • 8GB LPDDR4X @ 2112 MHz
  • 32GB eMMC flash, 32MB SPI flash, microSD card slot
  • 5V to 20V power supply via USB-C port or pogo pads
  • HDMI 2.1 up to 4Kp60
  • 30-pin 0.5mm Pitch FPC Connector for 4-lane MIPI-DSI interface up to 1920 x 1080
  • eDP interface
  • LVDS and V-by-One interfaces
  • 1x Micro HDMI port up to 4Kp60
  • Decoding
  • 8Kp24 AV1, H.265, VP9
  • Supports multi-video decoding up to 4Kx2K@60fps + 1x1080P@60fps
  • Dolby Vision and HDR10, HDR10+, HLG, and PRIME HDR video processing
  • Encoding: 4Kp50 H.265 / H.264 60fps decoder
  • 8-ch I2S for microphone array applications over M2 connector
  • FPC connector for 2x 4-lane MIPI CSI with dual camera support; 16MP ISP
  • Gigabit Ethernet with WoL support
  • Dual-band 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax WiFI 6, 2X2 MIMO and Bluetooth 5.2 via Ampak 6275S module
  • 1x USB 3.0 Type-A port, 1x USB 2.0 type-A port, 1x USB 2.0 OTG type-C port
  • KXTJ3-1057 3-axis digital accelerometer
  • M.2 Socket with single-lane PCIe 2.0, USB 2.0, I2S, I2C, ADC, 100M Ethernet PHY interface, GPIO, MCU_PA2
  • 40-pins 2.54mm pitch header exposing:
    • CPU signals: USB, I2C, I2S, SPDIF, UART, PWM, ADC
    • MCU signals: SWIM, NRST, PA1
  • 2x IR receiver
  • RTC & battery header
  • 4-pin cooling fan header with PWM speed control
  • 3x User LEDs
  • Power, Function and Reset buttons
  • XPWR pads for an external power button

On the software support part, Khadas is yet to release information and documentation on the software aspect but a notification on Cnx Software states that the Vim4 should support Ubuntu 20.04 with Linux 4.9 OS and LibreELEC; CoreELEC; Armbian; and Manjaro Arm as third-party images. This is based on the fact that A311D2 is only an enhanced A311D core.

As of writing this, no product page to reveal pricing and availability of the Khadas Vim4 has been created. Also, Amlogic A311D2 is yet to be included on Amlogic’s website. Further information on Vim4 would eventually show up on Khadas’ website. Information on A311D2 points to the A311D2’s reference manual.

GroupGets’ Teledyne FLIR Lepton FS module sells for half the price of FLIR thermal cameras

Posted on by Emmanuel Odunlade

We all know that getting thermal cameras that are based on FLIR Lepton modules can really be much of a budget to plan for if you’re considering getting one. This is why we are excited to introduce to you a new cost-effective solution called the Teledyne FLIR Lepton FS module – a non-radiometric 160 x 120 resolution micro thermal camera module that sells for about half the price of an ordinary FLIR thermal camera module.

“Just as we were the first place to get FLIR Lepton seven years ago, we are bringing this new Lepton to you first at a highly compelling price to make your thermal imaging application more economically viable,”

writes GroupGets, the platform behind this project.

Currently, the Lepton FS module which sells for $99, costs the lowest in the Lepton family. This was achieved by notably reducing the thermal sensitivity, scene dynamic range, and up to 3% inoperable pixels. If you need an imager and not a radiometric sensor, these specs will just be very good and worth your money.

“These units balance performance and price, enabling monitoring applications where radiometry is not required and pixel-level image information is less important than broad thermal data,”

the company added.

Key Features and Specifications of the FLIR Lepton FS Module Include:

  • Sensor technology: Uncooled VOx microbolometer
  • Spectral range: Longwave infrared, 8 μm to 14 μm
  • Array format: 160 x 120, progressive scan
  • Pixel size of 12 μm
  • Effective frame rate of 8.7 Hz
  • Thermal sensitivity: <75mK NEdt
  • Operability
    • Number of non-defective pixels is 97%
    • Temperature compensation is automatic, and,
    • Output image is independent of camera temperature.
  • Non-uniformity corrections: Integral Shutter
  • Scene dynamic range
    • High Gain Mode: -10 ~ 140°C typical
    • Low Gain Mode: -10 ~ 350°C typical
  • Image optimization: Factory configured and fully automated
  • FOV:
    • horizontal: 57°
    • diagonal: 71°
  • Lens Type: f/1.1
  • Output format: User-selectable 14-bit, 8-bit (AGC applied), or 24-bit RGB (AGC and colorization applied)
  • Integral solar protection
  • Host interfaces: SPI for video data, CCI (I2C-like) for control
  • Input supply voltage: 2.8 V, 1.2 V, 2.5 V to 3.1 VIO
  • Power consumption:
    • 150 mW operating
    • 650 mW during shutter event
    • 5 mW in standby mode
  • Temperature Range:
    • Operating: -10C ~ +65C
    • Storage: -40 C ~ +80 C
  • Dimensions: 11.50 mm x 12.70 mm x 6.84 mm
  • Weight: 0.91g
  • Shock: 1500 G @ 0.4 ms

Application Scenarios:

The Lepton FS module is suitable for a number of applications in fields like smart home and building automation, heat occupancy sensing, and security/location monitoring. It offers integrators the appropriate thermal capability for various innovative thermal monitoring products.

The FLIR Lepton FS currently sells on GroupGets for $99 with shipping.

Other useful details can also be found on the GroupGets page.

Researchers Develop a Graphene Based Sensor to Visualize Electric Fields

Posted on by DM

As silicon-based fabrication technology is reaching its operational limits, there is increasing research attention towards developing circuits with 2D materials. The 2D materials are crystals consisting of a single layer of atoms, with their thickness ranging from a single to a few-atomic layers thick. In conventional materials, effects such as quantum tunneling become prominent as the feature lengths decrease. Therefore, 2D materials such as graphene are considered as a potential candidate for the next generation of electronic devices.

2D materials exhibit exceptional chemical and physical properties including layered structure, high-surface-area, layer-dependent, optical bandgap, and changes in chemical compositions. Due to these properties, 2D materials have improved properties and detection limits, which are very critical when sensitivity is involved.

Researchers at the University of California at Berkeley and Stanford University have developed a graphene “camera” to detect a beating heart.

Currently, for recording heartbeats, chemical dyes, and electrodes are used, which can record voltages at a single measurement point, with a sheet capable of measuring the voltage over an entire surface at once. But with their camera made from a sheet of graphene, the researchers can image all cells simultaneously, and they don’t have just a point measurement, and therefore, they don’t have to scan. With their developed sensor, they can image the entire network of cells at the same time.

“The ease with which you can image an entire region of a sample could be especially useful in the study of neural networks that have all sorts of cell types involved,” says fellow first author Allister McGuire, PhD. “If you have a fluorescently labeled cell system, you might only be targeting a certain type of neuron.”

He further added,

“Our system would allow you to capture electrical activity in all neurons and their support cells with very high integrity, which could really impact the way that people do these network level studies.”

The developed critically coupled waveguide-amplified graphene electric field (CAGE) sensor uses the field-sensitive optical transitions in graphene to convert electric potentials into the optical regime. To get real-time visualization of electric fields over an area, the sample needs to be placed on the top of a graphene sheet, which is placed above a waveguide. The laser is incident on the waveguide, through a prism, and reflects off the graphene. This makes the electric field visible in real-time.

Arrangement of sample for visualization of electric fields in real-time.

The researchers tested their sensor on a chicken heart. They used the sensor to detect native electrical activity from cardiac action potentials with a tens-of-microns resolution, simultaneously map the propagation of these potentials at tissue-scale, and monitor their modification by pharmacological agents.

“One of the things that is amazing to me about this project is that electric fields mediate chemical interactions, mediate biophysical interactions — they mediate all sorts of processes in the natural world — but we never measure them,” says Balch. “We measure current, and we measure voltage,” Balch said. “The ability to actually image electric fields gives you a look at a modality that you previously had little insight into.”

The work is described in the journal ACS Nano Letters.

Diodes Incorporated AP7347DQ LDO Voltage Regulators

Posted on by mixos

Diodes Incorporated AP7347DQ LDO Voltage Regulators are based on a CMOS process and feature high output voltage accuracy, low RDS(on), and output noise. These regulators include voltage reference, error amplifiers, current limit circuits, and an enable input to turn it on and off. The AP7347DQ regulators are also available in fixed output voltage versions with an integrated resistor network. These regulators offer quiescent current as low as 60µA, 1V to 5V of fixed output voltage, and 75dB at 1kHz of ripple rejection. The AP7347DQ regulators feature -40°C to 150°C of operating junction temperature range and -40°C to 125°C of operating ambient temperature range. These regulators provide low-power consumption and line/load transient response that are well-suited for low-power handheld automotive equipment. The AP7347DQ regulators offer applications like infotainment power supplies, cameras, automotive POL in ADAS, and automotive wireless communication systems.

Features

  • 75dB at 1kHz ripple rejection
  • ±1% VOUT accuracy
  • 60µVrms from 10Hz to 100kHz of low output noise
  • With an integrated resistor network fixed output voltage versions is delivered
  • Includes voltage reference, error amplifier, and current limit circuit
  • High output voltage accuracy
  • Low RDS(on)
  • Low output noise
  • Lead-free and fully RoHS compliant
  • Halogen and Antimony free

Specifications

  • 1V to 5V of fixed VOUT
  • 500mA output current
  • 60µA quiescent current
  • 1.7V and 5.5V of minimum and maximum voltage range
  • -55°C to 150°C storage temperature range
  • -40°C to 150°C operating junction temperature range
  • 6V of input voltage

Block Diagram

Application Circuit

more information: https://www.diodes.com/part/view/AP7347DQ

NJR (New Japan Radio) NJG1816K75-TE1 Ultra Low Current SPDT Switch

Posted on by mixos

NJR (New Japan Radio) NJG1816K75-TE1 Ultra Low Current SPDT Switch is a 2-bit control SPDT switch GaAs Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) suited for LPWA applications. This switch operates at low control voltage from 1.6V and is ideal for IoT devices with battery operation because of ultra-low current consumption. The NJG1816K75-TE1 ultra-low current SPDT switch is operated at -55°C to 150°C temperature range and stored at -40°C to 105°C temperature range. This switch is RoHS compliant and halogen-free. Typical applications include antenna switching, path switching, and general-purpose switching applications.

Specifications

  • 30dBm RF input power
  • 4.5V control voltage
  • 380mW power dissipation
  • -40°C to 105°C storage temperature range
  • -55°C to 150°C operating temperature range
  • 0.1μA typical low current consumption
  • 0.45dB typical @f=920MHz low insertion loss
  • 30dB typical @f=920MHz high isolation
  • 1.6V minimum low control voltage
  • 30dBm typical @f=920MHz P-0.1dB
  • 1mm x 1mm x 1mm package dimensions

Antenna Switching

Application Circuit

more information: https://www.njr.com/electronic_device/products/NJG1816K75.html

Seeed Studio Grove SSD1306 0.66″ OLED Display

Posted on by mixos

Seeed Studio Grove SSD1306 0.66″ OLED display is a monochrome 64×48 resolution display with a user-friendly design and Grove I2C interface in a 20mm×20mm ultra-small package. The Grove SSD1306 0.66″ OLED Display offers a smaller screen compared to the other OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) displays such as the Grove SSD1315 0.96″ OLED Display. The I2C interface allows the mini display to light up with a microcontroller to display words and images. The 0.66″ display screen helps to show the information in a smaller place and is compatible as an Arduino OLED display or Raspberry Pi PLED display.

The Grove OLED Display supports the U8g2 monochrome displays library written by Olikraus. The library is so convenient and well compatible that it can support SSD1306 and other chips like SSD1315.

Seeed Studio has developed more than 300 Grove modules, covering a wide range of applications that can fulfill various needs.

Features

  • Based on SSD1306, cropped to 64 x 48 resolution (Monochrome)
  • Ultra-small size of 20mm x 20mm
  • High contrast, high brightness
  • Changeable I2C address
  • 3.3V/5V Power supply compatible
  • Low power consumption
  • Wide operating temperature range of -40℃ ~ +85℃
  • User-friendly design with Grove interface on the back

more information: https://www.seeedstudio.com/Grove-OLED-Display-0-66-SSD1306-v1-0-p-5096.html

Maxim Integrated MAX77659 SIMO Power Management IC (PMIC)

Posted on by mixos

Maxim Integrated MAX77659 SIMO Power Management IC (PMIC) is optimized for rechargeable earbuds, wearables, and other applications that emphasize low supply current and small solution size. The MAX77659 features a dual-input Single-Inductor Multiple-Output (SIMO) buck-boost regulator. The device provides one charging rail and three independently programmable power rails from a single inductor to minimize the total solution size. A 100mA LDO provides ripple rejection for audio and other noise-sensitive applications. The LDO can also be configured as a load switch to manage power consumption by disconnecting external blocks when not required. A highly configurable switching charger supports a wide range of Li+ battery capacities and includes battery temperature monitoring for additional safety (JEITA).

This MAX77659 PMIC includes two GPIOs and an analog multiplexer that switches several internal voltages and current signals to an external node for monitoring with an external ADC. A bidirectional I2C serial interface allows for configuring and checking the status of the device. An internal on/off controller provides a controlled startup sequence and provides supervisory functionality for the regulator. Numerous factory programmable options allow the device to be tailored for many applications, enabling faster time to market.

The Maxim Integrated MAX77659 SIMO PMIC is offered in a compact 6.04mm x 6.04mm Wafer-Level Package (WLP) ideal for space-constrained applications.

Features

  • Highly integrated
    • 3x output, Single-Inductor Multiple-Output (SIMO) buck-boost regulator
      • Supports wide output voltage range from 5.0V to 5.5V for all SIMO channels
    • 1x 100mA LDO/LSW
    • Smart Power Selector™ Li+/Li-Poly switching charger
    • 2x GPIO resources
    • Analog MUX output for power monitoring
    • Factory-ship mode (<200nA IQ)
    • Watchdog timer
  • Charger optimized for small battery size
    • Input operating voltage from 4.0V to 5.5V
    • Programmable fast-charge current from 5mA to 300mA
    • Programmable battery regulation voltage from 6.0V to 4.6V
    • Programmable termination current from 375mA to 45mA
    • Thermal regulation and JEITA compliance
  • Low Power
    • 3μA shutdown current
    • 5μA operating current (3 SIMO channels + 1 LDO)
  • Flexible and configurable
    • I2C-compatible interface and GPIO
  • Package information
    • -40°C to +85°C operating temperature range
    • -65°C to +150°C storage temperature range
    • +150°C junction temperature
    • 6.04mm x 6.04mm WLP-30
    • 4mm pitch, 6×5 array
    • Pb-free and RoHS compliant

Application Circuit

 

more information: https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/products/power/power-management-ics/MAX77659.html

3 Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with I2C

The project described here is a 3 channel capacitive touch sensor based on CAP1203 chip from Microchip which is a multiple-channel capacitive touch sensor controller. It has 3 x individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. 3 x touchpads are provided on PCB to detect the touch. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. The CAP1203 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1203 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. Power consumption in the Standby state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device.

Connections Connector CN2

  • Pin1 VCC 3.3V or 5V DC
  • Pin2 SCL (Arduino UNO Analog Pin A5)
  • Pin 3 SDA (Arduino UNO Analog Pin A4)
  • Pin 4 Alert Interrupt Output for SMBus
  • Pin 5 GND
Note: Refer to datasheet of CAP1203 for the operation and configuration of the chip. Arduino example code and CAP1203 library from sparkfun.com are available as downloads to test the board.

Features

  • Power Supply 3.3V or 5V DC
  • Three (3) Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs
  • Programmable Sensitivity
  • Automatic Recalibration
  • Calibrates For Parasitic Capacitance
  • Individual Thresholds for each Button
  • Multiple Button Pattern Detection
  • Power Button Support
  • Press and Hold Features for Volume-like Applications
  • Analog Filtering for System Noise Sources
  • RF Detection and Avoidance Filters
  • Digital EMI Blocker
  • Low Power Operations 5uA Quiescent Current in Deep Sleep. 50uA In Standby (Only Chip)
  • Samples One Or More Channels in Standby
  • I2C/SMBus Compliant Communication Interface
  • 2 Easy to Mount Holes
  • Header Connector for Micro-Controller Interface
  • On-Board Power LED
  • PCB Dimensions 56.19MM X 33.90MM

Schematic

Parts List

NOQNTY.REF.DESC.MANUFACTURERSUPPLIERSUPPLIER PART NO
11CN25 PIN MALE HEADER PITCH 2.54MMWURTHDIGIKEY732-5318-ND
21C10.1uF/50V SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
31C210uF/6.3V SMD SIZE 1206MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
41D1LED RED SMD SIZE 0805LITE ON INCDIGIKEY160-1427-1-ND
51R11K 5% SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
63R2,R3,R410K 5% SMD SIZE 0805MURATA/YAGEODIGIKEY
71U1CAP1203 SOIC8MICROCHIPDIGIKEYCAP1203-1-SN-ND

Connections

Gerber View

Photos

Video

CAP1203 Datasheet

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