AzoteqIQS7222A ProxFusion® ICs offer a 1.71V to 3.5V voltage range, ±4000V electrostatic discharge, and +85°C max. temperature rating. These sensors are fully I2C compatible, and feature on-chip calculations that enable multiple application options. These highly flexible ProxFusion devices can configure up to 9 channels using external connections or internal sensors. Azoteq IQS7222A ProxFusion ICs are ideal for waterproof buttons, wear detection, SAR compliance in mobile devices, and HALL-effect dock detection.>
Features
Highly flexible ProxFusion device
12 sensor pad connections (QFN-20) / 10 sensor pad connections (WLCSP-18)
Configure up to 9 Channels using the external connections or internal sensor
External Sensor Options
Up to 8 self capacitive touch/proximity sensors with additional distributed sensor padsi
Up to 9 projected capacitive touch/proximity sensors
Up to 4 inductive sensor elements
Internal sensor option
HALL-effect switch
Built-in basic functions
Automatic tuning
Noise filtering
Differential measurements
Debounce and hysteresis
Dual direction trigger indication
Built-in signal processing options
Slider output (0-255)
Gesture functions (swipe, tap, hold)
Design simplicity
PC Software for debugging and obtaining optimal settings and performance
One-time programmable settings for custom power-on IC configuration
Auto-run from programmed settings for simplified integration
Automated system power modes for optimal response vs consumption
I2C communication interface with IRQ/RDY (up to fast plus – 1MHz)
Event and streaming modes
Customizable user interface due to programmable memory
1.8V to 3.5V supply voltage
Small Packages
WLCSP18 (1.62mm x 1.62mm x 0.5mm) – interleaved 0.4mm x 0.6mm ball pitch
STMicroelectronics’ high-performance 3-phase motor controller features an unprecedented level of integration and flexibility.
STMicroelectronics’STSPIN32G4 is a high-performance 3-phase motor controller featuring an unprecedented level of integration and flexibility. It packs a complete motion control system in a single package. It is among very few products on the market that integrate a very high-performance Cortex®-M4 MCU (STM32G431) with 75 V / 1 A rated 3-phase gate driver and flexible power management regulators, all in a thermally efficient 9×9 QFN package.
It is designed to efficiently address a wide range of applications such as cordless power and garden tools, servo drives, e-bikes, robotic arms, home appliances (vacuum cleaners, dryers, and cleaning robots), pumps, fans, and many others.
Features
Three-phase gate driver:
1 A sink/source current capability
VDS monitoring of the power stage MOSFETs
Integrated bootstrap diodes
I²C accessible configuration and status registers for best application fit
Cross-conduction prevention
STM32G431 microcontroller:
32-bit Arm® Cortex-M4 MCU+FPU, up to 170 MHz clock frequency
CORDIC mathematical hardware accelerator for trigonometric functions
128 kB Flash memory + 32 kB SRAM memory
2x advanced timers for motor control with up to 6 x PWM channels each
8x general purpose timers
2x ADCs 16-bit resolution (up to 19 channels) with 4 Msps conversion rate
4x 12-bit DAC channels
4x ultra-fast rail-to-rail comparators
3x rail-to-rail operational amplifiers usable also in PGA mode
Internal high precision voltage reference
Up to 40 GPIOs
Full set of interfaces: I²C, SPI, UART, and CAN
Self-supplied thanks to embedded flexible power management
VCC buck with up to 200 mA and programmable output and embedded MOSFET
3.3 V LDO linear regulator up to 150 mA
Low quiescent linear regulator for MCU supply during standby
Full set of protections: thermal shutdown, short-circuit, and overload protection
There is growing demand for 36 V DC motors, often being used with multi-cell lithium-ion battery packs, in an increasing range of applications
There is growing demand for 36 V DC motors, often being used with multi-cell lithium-ion battery packs, in an increasing range of applications. From cordless power tools to outdoor power equipment and even e-bikes and scooters. To drive these demanding applications safely and efficiently requires MOSFETs that have been optimized for high current, strong SOA and rugged avalanche rating. Nexperia has also optimized them for efficiency with our 50/55 V ASFET range. Key features
Superjunction technology-enhanced SOA to withstand power dissipation due to short-circuit
ID of 200 A max. in a LFPAK56, enabling maximum torque from the motor
Low RDS(ON) characteristics deliver higher efficiency for longer battery life
LFPAK brings a unique level of board level reliability and ruggedness
Additional features
Nexperia’s Superjunction technology provides an enhanced Safe Operating Area (SOA) to withstand power dissipation due to short-circuit faults
ID of 200 A (max) in an LFPAK56, enabling maximum torque from the motor and reliably managing high load and stall current conditions
Potential UIS (unclamped inductive spiking) energy dissipation 20% lower than a comparable 60 V MOSFETs
As with all motor applications, there is a level of system vibration that cannot be dampened. LFPAK brings a unique level of board-level reliability and ruggedness.
Many devices are offered in logic level allowing them to be switched directly from a microcontroller device.
GoWired Multi-Protocol GateWay is an amplified version of GetWired Ethernet Gateway. It is furnished with enhanced power features and versatility geared towards providing improved solutions for wired automation applications. The board is designed to allow automation engineers and hobbyists to implement AI and ML protocols looking at the skyrocketing the duo has brought to the automation field.
Compared to the earlier GetWired Ethernet Gateway, GoWired features an ARM M0+ microcontroller with multiplication factors of 8 and 16 for ROM and RAM respectively. It has a double RS485 transceiver that helps in the execution of two different communication protocols in a group, alongside a CAN transceiver. The GoWired also features the celebrated Wiznet W5500 chip for reliable Ethernet communication, SD card slot for internal memory expansion, and enhanced power circuitry to handle DC voltages of 7 – 26V range. There’s also an onboard monitoring mechanism to monitor and share power-related data about the condition of the device. The device is also reliable and safe to use.
Key Features and Specifications of the board include:
Powerful 32-bit ATSAMD21G18A ARM M0+ microcontroller with 32 kB RAM and 256 kB ROM, 48 MHz
Wiznet W5500 Ethernet transceiver with hardware TCP/IP stack
Power and current monitoring for all connected devices (provided that the devices are powered from the Gateway)
1x USD card slot for debugging and other purposes
Supports 3 different communication standards (RS485, CAN, USB) and 4 different protocols at the same time (doubled RS485 transceiver)
Protection against ESD, overcurrent, overvoltage, reverse polarity
Offers EMC & EMI protection
Extension board with e-ink display
LEDs and buttons which are mounted on the enclosure
Four-slots DIN rail enclosure
Reliable and Safe to use
Software features
The Gowired Multiprotocol Gateway is:
compatible with Arduino, but can be tweaked to suit user’s demands
easy to use as it has Plug & play compatibility with most open-source home automation controllers (Domoticz, Home Assistant and several others)
privacy-friendly, and can work without internet access (you don’t need to connect to cloud)
open source, modifiable, configurable and ready to use
As of the time of this writing, there is no availability of this board for commercial purposes as the campaign for a crowdfunding, support, and launching for the GoWired Multiprotocol Gateway project is yet to take place. However, further useful information can be found on the CrowdSupply page. You can sign up to be notified when this project launches. GoWired also points to Github for more details on the Software.
The Exclusive-NOR logic is the complement (reverse) form of the Exclusive-OR logic. It is the serial combination of Exclusive-OR and the NOT gates. The Exclusive-NOR gate gives an output given by the expression “Both A & B, not A or B”. It means that the output of the Exclusive-NOR gate is “HIGH” when both inputs “A” and “B” are at the same logic level i.e. both “HIGH” or “LOW”. In the case of, either “A” or “B” that is “01” or “10” the output of the Exclusive-NOR gate will be “LOW”. The Exclusive-NOR gate outputs logic “HIGH” only when both of its inputs are equal and, therefore, it is sometimes referred to as “Equivalence Gate”.
The Exclusive-NOR is also referred to by writing only Ex-NOR or XNOR. The Ex-NOR is a very useful logic and is mostly used in circuits involving arithmetic operations such as Parity Checkers, Adders and Subtractors, etc.
Similar to the Ex-OR gate, the construction of Ex-NOR logic is complex compared to other logic gates and is constructed using basic logic gates. Similarly, the Ex-NOR gate is also commercially available as a separate logic gate. Because of its construction from multiple basic logic gates, it is also called a “hybrid” logic gate. The truth table of the logic NOR gate is somewhat similar to the Ex-NOR gate in that its output remains at logic level “HIGH” and goes to “LOW” when any of its inputs goes “HIGH”. However, the Ex-NOR gate’s output goes “HIGH” again when both of its inputs go to logic level “HIGH”.
The Boolean algebraic equation of an Ex-NOR logic is given below:
The equivalent circuit of an Exclusive-NOR gate is:
Figure 1: Exclusive NOR logic equivalent
Logic Ex-NOR Gate Symbol & Truth Tables
The representation of an Ex-NOR logic by a symbol is shown in the following figure.
Figure 2: Logic Ex-NOR Gate Symbol
The symbol of the Ex-NOR logic is similar to the Ex-OR logic except for an “Inversion Bubble” which is added at the output to denote the “NOT” function.
The truth table of a two-input Ex-NOR logic is shown below:
It is clear from the truth table that when inputs are at the same levels i.e. either “00” or “11” state then the Ex-NOR logic output is “HIGH” and in case the inputs are at the different levels then output is “LOW”. In other words, the expression is “A” AND “B”, Same!
The truth table of a three-input Ex-NOR logic is as follow and can be expanded to include any number of inputs:
As discussed in the previous article, the Ex-OR logic is an odd function and gives a logic “HIGH” output when there is an odd number of inputs having logic “HIGH” or “1”. Whereas, the Ex-NOR logic is an even function which is eminent from the truth tables given above. The Ex-NOR logic gives a “HIGH” output when inputs with the logic “HIGH” are in even numbers except for the case when all of the inputs are “OFF” or at logic “LOW”. This characteristic makes the Ex-NOR an even gate.
The symbol and expression of a 3-input Ex-NOR logic are given below:
Figure 3: Three input Ex-NOR Gate Symbol with expression
Ex-NOR (XNOR) Logic Circuit
Using the logic expression of a two-input Ex-NOR logic, an equivalent circuit can be constructed which is shown in the following figure.
Figure 4: Equivalent Circuit of an Exclusive-NOR logic
The above equivalent Ex-NOR logic comprises AND, OR, and NOT logic. However, it is not a good practice to include multiple logics for the construction of logic gates and a better Ex-NOR circuit can be constructed using only NAND logic gates.
The construction of the Ex-NOR gate using NAND gates only is shown below:
Figure 5: Equivalent Circuit of an Exclusive-NOR logic using NAND Gates
The Exclusive-NOR logic gates are helpful in performing arithmetic operations and computations. They are also used in data error detection circuits as Parity Bit Checkers.
Commercially Available E-NOR (XNOR) Gates
The XNOR logic gates are available in both TTL and CMOS logic families. The most commonly used XNOR logic packages are:
CMOS based XNOR Gate IC Package
CD4077 Quad 2-input
TTL based XNOR Gate IC Package
74LS266 Quad 2-input
Figure 6: 74LS266 & CD4077 XNOR Quad Package
Example of XNOR Logic
In the following figure, an XNOR gate is used to drive a 12V relay to switch on the lamp using NI Multisim. The XNOR gate turns on the relay when all of the inputs are connected to VCC/ Ground. The relay thus turns on the lamp through an external circuit of 12V. When inputs are at different levels, XNOR logic goes “OFF” turning the relay and lamp to “OFF” state.
Figure 7: A Multisim circuit showing XNOR logic to control an external circuit
Conclusion
The output of the Ex-NOR logic is “HIGH” when both of the inputs have the “SAME” logic states.
The Ex-NOR gate outputs logic “LOW” when inputs have different logic states.
The Ex-NOR gate checks for the equality of the inputs and as such also known as Equivalence Gate.
It is an Even Parity Checker as it outputs a “HIGH” signal when there is an even number of signals at the input having logic “HIGH”.
It is mostly used in arithmetic, computational and error-detection circuits.
The Ex-NOR logic gates are commercially available in both TTL and CMOS packages.
An external circuit can be controlled by Ex-NOR logic with the use of a magnetic relay.
ELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY TFT009-81AINN LCD Color Display is a high-resolution graphic display that is available in color and black and white. The IPS technology provides a full viewing angle with All-Angle Color Stability Management (AACS) and the color remains the same by varying viewing angles. The TFT009-81AINN display offers 500cd/m² brightness that provides great readability in direct sunlight and under dazzling operating lights. This display features a 0.96-inch IPS display with 160X80 pixels, ST7735S controller, and 27.95mm x 13.5mm outline dimensions. The TFT009-81AINN display offers a 3-wire and 4-wire SPI interface and is perfect for pin-saving applications.
Inolux IN-PI4818QAS5R5G5BPW RGBW LED with Integrated Circuit (IC) is a side view SMD type LED that is available in 4.8mm x 1.8mm x 1.6mm dimensions. This LED offers a built-in IC with high precision of constant current and internal RGBW chips spectral processing in advance. The RGBW LED features single-line data transmission, 800kbps data transfer rate at 30fps, cascading enhancement technology, and SA-I anti-interference patent technology for single line data transmission. This LED operates from 3.5V to 5.5V logic supply voltage range (VDD), -45°C to 85°C operating temperature range (TOPT), and 1W power rating. The RGBW LED is used in applications such as full color LED string light, LED full-color module, LED guardrail tube, and LED point light.
Features
4818 with integrated high quality constant current IC and RGBW LED chip
Single line data transmission (return to zero code)
Specific shaping transmit technology:
The number of LED stacked is not restricted
Cascading enhancement technology:
Any 2 LED spacing can be up to 10 meters
800kbps data transfer rate at 30fps
256 grey level adjustments through RGB output port PWM control
SA-I anti-interference patent technology:
Single-line data transmission
Built-in power supply reverse connects protection module
4.8mm x 1.8mm x 1.6mm dimensions
Specifications
3.5V to 5.5V logic supply voltage range (VDD)
-45°C to 85°C operating temperature range (TOPT)
1W power rating
120mcd, 320mcd, 80mcd, and 1050mcd luminous intensity
Diodes Incorporated AP22653Q Precision-Adjustable Current-Limited Power Switches are optimized for applications that require precision current limiting or to provide up to 1.5A of continuous load current during heavy loads/short circuits. The AP22653Q Switches provide a programmable current-limit threshold between 125mA and 1735mA (typ) via an external resistor. Utilizing high current limit settings, a ±7% current limit accuracy is achieved. Rise and fall times are controlled to minimize current surges during turn on/off.
The AP22653Q provides a complete protection solution for applications subject to heavy capacitive loads and the prospect of short circuit, offering reverse current blocking and limiting, overcurrent, overtemperature, short-circuit protection, as well as controlled rise-time and under-voltage lockout functionality.
A 6ms de-glitch capability on the open-drain flag output prevents false overcurrent reporting and does not require any external components. The AP22653Q limits the output current to a safe level when the output current exceeds the current-limit threshold.
The Diodes Inc AP22653Q Precision-Adjustable Power Switches have a fast short-circuit response time for improved overall system robustness and are available in the SOT26 (Type A1) package.
Features
Up to 1.5A maximum load current
Accurate adjustable current limit, 125mA to 1735mA
±7% Accurate adjustable current limit, 1.735A with RLIM = 15kΩ
Constant-current version
5µs (Typ.) Fast short-circuit response time
Reverse current blocking during shutdown and reverse current limiting during enable
3.0V to 5.5V Operating range
Built-in soft-start with 0.5ms typical rise time
Over-current, output over-voltage and thermal protection
Fault report (FAULT) with blanking time
2kV HBM, 750V CDM ESD protection
Enable active high
SOT26 Package available in “green” molding compound (no Br, Sb)
16kV ESD protection per IEC61000-4-2 (with external capacitance)
UL Recognized
IEC60950-1 CB Scheme certified
AEC-Q100 qualified with the following results:
Device temperature grade 1: –40°C to 125°C ambient operating temperature range
Murata has launched the world’s smallest ultra-wideband (UWB) module – measuring just 10.5 mm x 8.3 mm x 1.44 mm – that combines elevated levels of accuracy and reliability with low-power to ensure compact and battery-driven IoT devices operate as efficiently and cost-effectively as possible.
Using short-range radio frequency (RF) technology, the Type 2AB UWB + BluetoothⓇ low-energy (BLE) connectivity module can be used in a wide variety of applications where precise detection is essential. These include ensuring social distancing in the workplace to minimise the spread of COVID-19.
Ideal for manufacturing engineers developing advanced products for the IoT market, the system-in-package module incorporates three antennae – two UWB for phased difference of arrival (PDoA) functionality and one for BLE. The module’s high-accuracy position detection capabilities and strong security functions make it particularly suited to such sectors as healthcare/wearables, industrial/commercial and home/consumer. The Type 2AB module makes light work of asset tracking, indoor navigation, smart lighting, digital payments and such location applications as proximity device finding. It is equally well suited to use in smart factories, POI/indoor marketing, hospitals, museums, warehouses and underground construction projects. The UWB module offers significant benefits over systems based around WiFi/Bluetooth or GPS technology, the latter proving unsuitable for indoor use due to its reliance on satellite signals.
Features:
Support Channels : Band 5 & 9
UWB Chip set : Qorvo DW3110/3120
FCC/IC/TELEC Reference Certified (Planed)
Hostless module Integrated Nordic IC / nRF52840
which also have Blutooth Low Energy function for waking up UWB and updating FW.
Integrated 3-Axis sensor for saving battery
Reference clock for UWB and MCU are embedded
Compared to chip-on-board designs, the UWB module incorporating Qorvo ICs enables mounting areas to be reduced by around 75%. Other benefits of the resin molded surface mounted module with built-in Nordic MCU include improved design flexibility and reduced product development time, for example by eliminating the need to prepare external MCUs for customers. Additional features include excellent memory (256 kB RAM and 1 Mb Flash), a 3-axis sensor for motion detection, a deep sleep mode of 250 nA, and the ability to operate in temperatures from -40oC to 85oC and at voltages from 2.5 V to 3.6 V.
“The UWB market is expected to grow by around 30% over the coming years, driven by the burgeoning smartphone, IoT and smart cities sectors”, says Toshifumi Oida, Senior Director of the Communication Module Division at Murata. “Our ultra-compact, highly reliable Type 2AB module with superior EMI performance is a compelling solution for product developers wanting to serve this market using groundbreaking high-density mounting technology based on RF design.”
“At Qorvo, we support high performance solutions with our ultra-wideband expertise,” adds Paul Costigan, Senior Director of UWB IoT solutions at Qorvo. “We bring breakthrough technology and manufacturing scale to integrated modules, such as this one from Murata, a world leading manufacturer of electronic components, thereby accelerating adoption of UWB and unleashing a new wave of innovation. Companies will be able to easily add enhanced location and distance sensing to drive business optimisation, enhance workflow efficiency and improve safety in applications like smartphones, cars, and consumer and industrial IoT.”
“We are very excited to partner with Murata on this groundbreaking UWB module, a product that perfectly marries Murata’s excellence in highly integrated SiP module packaging with Qorvo and Nordic Semiconductor’s long-standing cooperation on UWB and Bluetooth Low Energy solutions,” says Bjørn Åge Brandal, Vice President of Sales & Marketing APAC at Nordic Semiconductor. “The compact module perfectly leverages the high level of integration and computing power of Nordic’s nRF52840 system-on-chip, allowing customers to implement a wirelessly connected UWB ranging product with only a handful of external components, ensuring the smallest possible footprint and lowest power consumption.”
ECS ECS-RTC-3225-5699HS Real Time Clock Module (RTC) features an I2C bus and a built-in 32.768KHz temperature-compensated TCXO. The ECS ECS-RTC-3225-5699HS supports calendar (year, month, day, hour, minute, and second), clock, and timer functions. ECS ECS-RTC-3225-5699HS features a 2.5V to 5V power supply voltage along with a 1.6V to 5V backup battery. This RTC operates over a -40°C to +85°C operating temperature range.
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