Tag: CMOS

Introduction This simple circuit illuminates an LED or bulb using a ripple counter in a specific order at a predefined interval. Electronics enthusiasts and students often like building different circuits for their home or school projects, particularly those that flash a few lights....

Combinational Logic Circuits The digital logic circuit whose output, at any instant, is dependent on its inputs only is referred to as a combinational logic circuit. The output state(s) of the combinational logic circuit is the logical result of the combination of its inputs and does not...

Binary Numbers The binary numbers are expressed in the base-2 number system which has only two (2) distinct number values i.e. 0 and 1. Just like, most common, decimal numbers are expressed in a base-10 number system having ten (10) distinct numbers from 0 to 9. These number systems are...

Logic NAND Function The logic NAND function gives the inverted output of the logic AND function. It complements the output of the logic AND function to give the NOT AND (NAND) function. The logic NAND function is the combination of two logic functions that are AND & NOT logics. These...

Logic NOT Function The logic NOT function’s output state is NOT the same as its input state. The logic NOT function performs the inversion function on its input and outputs complement of the input. The logic NOT function output is false when its input is true, and true when its input...

Pull-up Resistors Pull-up resistors are used to avoid self-biasing or floating digital inputs. The pull-up resistor connects the digital input to the correct biasing level and eliminates the uncertainty caused by a floating input. A floating input creates a no input condition and may...

Digital Logic Gates Summary The digital logic gates are the main building blocks of any digital circuit either it is in the discrete component form or an integrated package. The logic gates can be constructed using resistors, diodes, and transistors such Resistor-Transistor Logic (RTL),...

Logic OR Gate The logic OR gate gives an output of logic “HIGH” when any of its inputs goes to the “HIGH” logic level. The logic OR gate can have multiple inputs and only one output. The logic OR gate gives an output of logic “LOW” only when all of its inputs are at logic...